Counteracting the effects of insulin, glucagon increases blood sugar levels by decreasing its uptake into the liver and fatty tissue. Within the bodies of all mammals, a complex network of glands (the endocrine system) is responsible for the production and secretion of special proteins and lipids (fats) called hormones. In turn, these hormones serve to regulate many vital functions within the body, from growth and development to digestion and utilization of nutrients. “Steroid” is one of the most misused and widely misunderstood terms in today’s society. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}). Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Without the endocrine glands and their hormones, a state of chaos would quickly ensue within the body, as the functional harmony existing between the various organ systems would cease to exist. This is the group that has been largely exploited by athletes for increased muscular strength and size. Other organs exhibiting endocrine functions include the stomach, which produces hormones that regulate digestion; the ovaries and testicles, which, together with the adrenal gland and placenta (in pregnant females), produce the sex hormones; the kidneys, which secrete hormones that influence blood flow and filtration within the kidneys themselves; and the thymus gland, with hormonal activity that influences the cells of the immune system. Closely associated with the thyroid gland are the parathyroid glands, which produce a hormone that counteracts the action of a certain thyroid hormone by increasing blood calcium levels. Start studying Lab 2: Endocrine Glands & Cat Dissection. Insulin functions to lower blood sugar by increasing its uptake and utilization by the body organs. The hypothalamus, located at the bottom portion of the brainstem, functions as an integration center between the nervous system and the endocrine system. The pituitary gland produces hormones that have effects on other endocrine glands, such as the thyroid and adrenal glands. chemical messengers released into the blood and transported thru the body, organs that respond to a specific hormone, blood vessels in brain that connect the hypothalmus to the ant. Biology / By admin. 4. A cat’s endocrine system is composed of several different types of glands and organs that produce the hormones of the body. Among other things, adrenal hormones influence carbohydrate and protein metabolism and storage (cortisol, cortisone), help the kidneys regulate sodium and potassium levels (aldosterone), and control blood pressure and heart rate (epinephrine and norepinephrine).

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